Fluid transmission.



M. H. MASSUERE.

FLUID TRANSMISSION.

APPLICATloN man M^n.12,1911.

Patented J une 25, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l..

M. H. MASSUERE.

FLUID TRANSMISSION.

APPLICATIGN FILED MAR. 12. |911.

3 SHEE l'S--SHEET 2.

Manue/'6,

M.' H. MASSUEHE num TRANSMISSION.

APPL|CT|0N FILED MAR. |2| 197. 1,279,643., Patented June 25, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEicE:

MARK H. MASSUERE, OF CHEYENNE, WYOMING.

FLUID TRANSMISSION.

Application led March 12, 1917.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARK II. MAssUEnE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Cheyenne, in tlie county of Laramie and State of lVyoining,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in FluidTransmissions; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame.

The present invention relates to improvements in fluid transmissions,and has for one object to build up a device ofthis character in whichthe compressing means will force the fiuid into a separate compressionchamber from which its discharge may be regulated to give a flexiblecontrol throughout all speed ratios from direct drive to zero; and whichcompression chamber relieves the compressing means of the strain of thecompressed fluid and facilitates the operation of the same, whilefurthermore such separate chamber equalizes the pressure against whichall of the compressing devices must operate when there are more than oneemployed.

By my present invention I am enabled to build up an improved fluidtransmission by reasonof certain novel parts hereinafter more fullydescribed.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this application, and inwhich similar reference symbols indicate corresponding parts in theseveral views:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal central sectional view thronghan improvedfiuid transmission constructed in accordance with the pres-.

ent invention.

Fig. 2 is an end view thereof partly broken awa Fig. 3 is a sectionalview of a disk and cross-head guides indicating the eccentric rings indotted lines.

Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view taken on the line L -4 in Fig. 1; and

Fig. 5 is a similar view taken on the line 5-5 in Fig. 1.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, 1 indicates the driver and2 the follower. Tlie end of the driver 1 is received into one end of ahub 3 which, at such end, constitutes a bearing for said driver, and inwhich the driver freely turns; while in the opposite end of this hub 3is received the adjacent end of the follower 2. it being madeSpecification of Letters Patent.

Serial No. 154,204.

fast therein as by a key 4. This central hub Patented June 25, 1918.

3 forms part of one annular member 5 of the driven drum 6, the otherannular member 7 being concentric therewith and spaced therefrom so asto provide an annular way 8. The hub 3 is united to its annular member 5through a head 9, while a similar head 10 is formed with the outerannular member 7 and is secured to said head 9 as by bolts 11.

There are in the annular way 8 a pair of outer offset rings 12 and 13which are spaced apart and form a cam groove or track therebetween,these outer rings 12 and 13 being fitted against the inner wall of theouter annular member 7. The complementary inner offset rings 14 and 15are fitted against the exterior wall of the inner annular member 5, andare similarly spaced apart to provide a cam track therebetween, forwhich see more particularly Figs. 1 and 3.

In these cam tracks travel rollers 16 and 17 extending from cross-lieads18 on piston rods 19. The piston rods 19 operate through openings 20 ina disk 21 which is secured' as by bolts 22 to the drive drum 23; suchdisk 21 providing heads for a series of cylinders 24 provided in saiddrive drum 23. Pistons reciprocate in said cylinders 24 and areconnected to the rods 19. These pistons advantageously consist of blocks25 and 26 threaded on the ends of the rods 19 and clamping therebetweena packing 27 which has flanged edges 28 fitting in grooves 29 in saidblock 26.

lVhen the medium is air, packing 27 forms a cup which admits air onreturn stroke of piston. On forward stroke this cup is pressed againstthe cylinder wall forming an air tight packing. Thus, when the medium isair. valves 31 are not necessary, using the principle of ordinary airpump. y

In the pistons are also formed fluid passages 30 closed by valves 31when the pistons aie moving on their compressing strokes, butautomatically opening on their opposite strokes to permit the passage offluid into the cylinders 24. wherein the same is subsequently compressedwhen the pistons are driven in the opposite direction and forced into acompression chamber which communicates with and is common to all of theseveral cylinders 24. Angledppenings 32 are As disclosed to advantage inFigs. 1, 3

, and 4, the disk 21 forms a` support for a series of pairs of guides 34and.35, such guides' being disposed to opposite sides of the openings in-said disk and being .curved or otherwise shaped to conform'totheconfiguration of the cross-heads 18 which they support and which havea sliding movement therebetween. A ring 36 connects the free ends of theseveral pairs of guides 34 s and 35 and suitably spaced bolts 37 tie thering 36 and disk 21 in astrongly combined structure. f f

The drive drum 23 is also formed with a central hub 38, one end of whichextendsA within the annular member of the driven .drum 6, and which isfitted over the central hub 3 on which it islsupported by bearings 39and 40. The hubs 3 and 38 are held in proper relation and againstlaxial-displacement by gaskets41 and 42 held against the matically open'said valves 47, and having end of the hub 38 by nuts 43 and 44.

The. several cylinders 24 in 'the drive drum 23 are formed with threadedopenings in their opposite heads .45, into-which are .removably securedcasings 46` having valves 47 therein mounted on stems 48 which slide inguides 49 having a screw threaded or other adjustable en agement withsaid casings 46. The valve 47 are` constantly urged by' coil springs' 50against seats 51, which coil springs are adapted to. yield and permitthe iuid which is being compressedx in the cylinders 24 by the pistonsto autos passed into the casings 46 to be thence de livered throughopenings 52 into a compression hamberwmhextends annularly so that'saidcylinders and thecompressing pistons therein have .av common deliverychamber into 'which the fluid is forced, and which enables me to providea uniform compression 'Which does not depend upon the condition of anyone of the cylinders 24 and when'the Huid is from time to time permittedto discharge from such chamber 53,V the reduction in pressure thereinwill be uniform with respectf-to the-several compressing devicesemployed and will have a common effect on all. The casing 54 ofsaidcompression chamber 53 is secured to the drive drum 23 as by bolts 55and 5,6, and is also connected by said bolts or other means 4to a cap 57through which said drive drum 23 and associated parts may be coupled tothe driver 1.

lAs many outlets 58 for the compression chamber 53 may be provided asconditions dictate, there being two such outletsv herein shown, passage`through which is under the control of valves 59 and 60. Thesevalves maybe of any suit-able type, they being herein shown to be rotary plugvalves operated by arms 61 and, 62 having pins' 63 and 64 engaging agroove 65 in a lcollar 66 slidable on the driver 1. The shifting of thiscollar 66 will correspondingly .'move the arms 61 and 62 so'that thevalves 59 and 60 may be thereby either opened or closed or moved intoany intermediate position, such -movement' of the collar 66 being undervthe control of a suit-able device 67 which is, in practice, placedconvenient to the grasp of the operator. f i i The, operation lof theinvention is substantially as follows:

Power from any suitable source is applied to the driver 1, and as 'suchdriver 1 rotates it carries around therewith the drive drum 23 togetherwithA the casing 54 of the compression chamber 53 and the disk 21 withthe cross-head guides 34 and 35, these latter guides traveling betweenthe inner and outer pairs of the offset rings.`

- If We assume that the outlet valves 59 and 60 are wide open, then thechamber 53 willv be at atmosphericpressure, and the pistons inthecylinders 24 will reciprocate freely without interference to the rollers16 and 17 on the cross-heads 18 traveling in 4the cam grooves betweenthe eccentric disks 12, k13, and 14, 15. As the pistons move on theirintake strokes or to the left with reference to the showing in Fig. 1v apartial vacuum will be formed in the cylinders24 as such pistons recedeto the left, which will permit the atmospheric pressure 4or the pressureof the other fluid medium employed 'to move the valves 3,1 from theirseats and permit the-entrance of fluid into said cylinders. When thecylinders start on their compressing'stroke the valves 31 will auto-`matically close, and the iiuid trapppdjyith- TITtirecyiidersv'iwiillecompressedby the advancing pistons. When this compression of the fluidin thecylinders 24 reaches a degree which isin excess of the strength ofthe springs 50, the valves 47 will automatically open and permit suchcompressed ,fluid to be forced through the plugs or casings 46 andthrough the openings;v r52 into the compressio'nvchamber 53. y

1f, as above supposed,the voutlet'valves 59 and 60 are fully opened,this compressed iuid lately delivered to the compression chamber 53 willfind immediate exit through the outlets 58, sovthat the movement of thepistons kin the cylinders 24`will be unimpeded and without substantialinterference;

drum 6, as the cross-head rollers will be free to follow the cam trackand freely re- A ciprocate the pistonsin the cylinders 24.

While there may be a certain amount of friction betweenthe various partswhich may tend to slightly rotate the driven drum 6, the weight of thedriven parts will probably ordinarily be suflicient to overcome thistendency, but if not, a brake band may be employed to insure the same.

As soon as the pistons in the cylindersl 24 commence their return intakestroke, the springs 50 will close the valves 47 against their seats 51,so that a re-transfer of the transmission fluid from the compressionchamber 53 back into the cylinders 24 will be absolutely prevented, thepistons thereby being free of any interference on their intake strokes.v

If now, however, -we suppose the outlet valves 59 and 60 completelyclosed by proper shifting of the control mechanism 67, collar 66, andarms 61 and 62, the fiuid which is compressed by the, pistons in thecylinders 24, instead of being able to seek immediate exit, will be heldin the compressionjchamber 53 so that a high pressure therein willrapidly build up. As the higher pressure develops it willproportionately become more difficult for the cam tracks and rollers 16and 17 to force the pistons on their compression strokes, and when amaximuinpressure is established such pistons will be locked againstmovement, the rollers 16 and 17 being thereby unable to follow the camtrack, with the result that the drive drum 23`and driven drum 6 will becoupled in direct driving relation, and the follower 2 will have thesame speed as the driver 1.

By opening the outlet valves 59 and 6() to any intermediate degree, sothat the Huid from the compression chamber 53 may be permitted to escapein predetermined quantities, the pressure against which the pis- `tonsoperate can be nicely regulated, so as to allow said pistons to moveunder more or less restraint, and thereby a proper speed ratio betweenthe drive and driven parts may be effected.

It is obvious that those skilled in the art may vary the details ofconstruction and arrangements of parts without departing from the spiritof my invention, and therefore I 'do not wish to be limited to suchfeatures except as may be required by the claims.

I claim:

1. The combination of a driver and follower, a drive drum mounted inconnection with said driver. a driven drum fixed to move with saidfollower and providing an annular way, an annular series of cylindersprovided in said drive drum, pistons reciprocating in said cylinders,rods connected to said pistons and extending into the way in said drivendrum, cross-heads carried on said rods, a cam track in said waytraversed by said cross-lieads for reciprocating said pistons, means foradmitting fiuid to said cylinders, a compression chamber communicatingwith said several cylinders, valves between said compression chamber andcylinders and means for controlling the exhaust of fiuid from saidcompression chamber, substantially as described.

2. The combination with a driver and a follower, a drive drum connectedto said driver, a series of circularly arranged cylinders in said drum,pistons reciprocating in said cylinders, an annular disk inclosing theends of said cylinders and having openings therein for placing thecylinders in communication with the outside atmosphere, rods connectedto said pistons, cross-heads on said rods, a driven drum fixed to saidfollower, a cam track carried by said driven drum and engaged by saidcross-heads, a compression chamber carried by said drive drum and incommunication with said several cylinders, valves between saidcompression chamber and cylinders and means for controlling thedischarge of air from said compression chamber, substantially asdescribed.

3. In a device of the character described, the combination of drive anddriven elements, a cylinder fixed to move with one of said elements, acam track fixed to move with the other of' said elements, a head forsaid cylinder having a perforation, a piston in lsaid cylinder, a rodconnected to said piston and operating through the perforation in saidhead, a cross head on said rod traveling in said cam track, guidessupported from said cylinder head for receiving said cross head, meansfor admitting fluid to said cylinder, a compression chambercommunicating with said cylinder, a valve between said compressionchamber and cylinder and means for regulating the discharge of fluidfrom said compression chamber, substantially as described.

4. In a device of the character described, the combination of drive anddriven elements, a cylinder fixed to move with one of said elements, apiston traveling in said cylinder, a rod on said piston, a head forinclosing said cylinder and having a perforation therein to receive saidpiston rod and an opening to receive the transmission fluid, a crosshead on said rod beyond said cylinder head, a pair of guides held onsaid cylinder head for receiving said cross head. a cam track carried bythe other of said elements for receiving said cross head to actuate saidpiston, a compression chamber' communicating with said cylinder, a valvebetween said compression chamber and cylin-A -der and means forregulating the discharge of the transmission Huid from said c ompressionchamber, substantially as described.

5. In a device of the character described,

the combination of drive and driven elements, a drum having a hub fixedto move with one of said elements, annular concen-l ltric membersattached to said hub and providing an annular channel, a cam trackarranged in said annular channel, a second drum fixed to move with theother of said elements and having a hub fitted over said first-'namedhub and movable independently thereof, a cylinder in said second-nameddrum, a piston fitted in said cylinder,

means traveling in said camtrack and connected to Iactuate said piston,means for delivering a transmission fluid to said cylinl der, acompression chamber communicating.

with said cylinder, a valve between said compression chamber andcylinder and means for controlling the discharge of the transmissionfluidv from said compression V chambenfsubstantially as described.

6. In a device of-the character described, the vcombination of drive anddriven elements, a drum secured to rotate with one of said elements andincluding spaced concentric members providing therebetween an annularchannel, a cam track located in said channel, a second drum fixed torotate with lcompression chamber from each cylinder,'

thel other of saidmembers, a circular series of cylinders provided in4said-second drum, pistons traveling lin said cylinders, means travelingin said cam trackV and connected to actu-ate said pistons, means foradmitting a transmission fluid to said cylinders, a compression chambercommon to all of said cylinders, check valves for controlling theadmission of the transmission Huid to said' and controllable valve meansfor regulating the flow of the compressed transmission me- `dium fromsaid compression chamber., substantially as described '7. In a deviceofthe character described,

the combination'of drive and driven elements, a drum having a hub fixedat one end to rotate with one of said elements and providing a bearingat its other end for loosely receiving the other of said elements, asecond drum haying a hub journaled on and rotatable independently ofsaid first-named hub, a series of cylinders in said secondnamed drum,pistons travelingv in said cylinders', .neans carried by said firstnameddrum for causing the reciprocation of said pistons, means for admittinga transmission luidto said cylinders, an annular compression chambercommon yto and having' communication with all of said cylinders, checkvalves for permitting the transmission fiuid to pass from said cylindersA' into said compression chamber but preventing back4 fiowinto saidcylinders, means fastened to saidsecond-named drum and compressionchamber 'and made fast on the otherA elements and providing a bearingin-which y the other of said elements may freely rotate, an `-annularchannel provided in said drum, a cam track' situated in said channel, asecond drum having a hub journaled on said first-mentionedy hub andcapable of rotating independently thereof, bearings between said hubs,a'circular series of cylinders in said second-named drum, pistonsreciprocating in said cylinders, a head common to all of said cylindersand having perforations therein and openings to admit a transmissionfluid, rods on said pistons. re-

ceived through the perforations in saidlcylinder head, cross heads onsaid rods traveling in said camtrack, pairs of guides extending fromsaid cylinder head for engagement. by said cross heads', a compression`chamber communicating with said cylinders, valves between .saidcompression `chamber and cylinders and means for regulating vthedischarge of the transmission fluid from said compression chamber,substantially as described.

9. In a device of the character described,

the combination of 'drive and driven ele-y ments, a drum fixed to rotatewith one of said elements and including spaced concen-y nov tric`members forming an annular channel,

' pairs ofv offset'rings in said channel providing a cam track, aseconddrum fixed to rotate with the other of said elements, a circularseries of cylinders in said second drum with their axes arrangedlparallel to said elements, a common head for all of said cylinders, rodson said pistons working through.

said heads, a cross head carrying means for operating in said cam track,guides for said cross heads, means' for admitting aV transmissionfluidto said several cylinders, a compression chamber common to all ofsaid cylinders, check valves between said ,cylinders and-compressionchamber, and means `foi' ,regulating the discharge of the transmissionfluid from said compression chamber, substantially as described.

In testimonywhereof, I affix my signature.

MARK H. MASSUERE

